Index can return an entire column, but how about a partial colum?

Index to find array.xlsm

I understand that if I leave the column number of the Index function blank it will return the entire column. What I am trying to do is create a formula that will return only a partial column. I designate criteria in C1:C4, the formula finds C1&C2&C3&C4 in the appropriate data table column, and then finds the data table column that was designated in the A column, and sums all the values in the column, as long as it is in the appropriate row that matches the C1:C4 criteria.

As the sheet is set up now, with 2014Mesocycle 2Wk 14Day 1 in C1:C4, and "Total Volume" in A7 of the time sheet, it would search in Ex_Data_LBS in the first column (designated by the Counta function) until it found "2014Mesocycle 2Wk 14Day 1" in rows 160-162. It would then search for the "Total Volume" column and sum all values that were in that column, but only in rows 160-162.

The below formula is a close as I got, I put it inside a sum function and it summed the entire column.

Formula:

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Any assistance would appreciated.

Any file would be appreciated

Its at the top of the post.

Thank you, it worked.
What is the significance of the asterisks it the formula?