Sum of interest between two dates when there is change in interest rates

Hello guys,

I need a formula to calculate the amount of interest in the following scenario:

Interest to be calculated from date -> 15-Feb-2020 to date -> 18-Dec-2020
Amount on which interest to be calculated -> $5000
Rate of interest is variable as follows:
From 01-Jan-2020 -> 5.00%
From 15- Mar-2020 -> 6.0%
From 10-Jul-2020 -> 5.75%
From 21-Oct-2020 -> 5.50%
From 31-Dec-2020 -> 5.60%

Now i need a single formula to calculate the sum of interest with rate applicable for that period.
For example from 15-feb to 15-Mar at 5%
from 15-Mar to 10-Jul at 6% and so on till 18-Dec at 5.50%

The interest table has more than 100 rows and
there are more than 1000 cases for which i need to calculate the interest
Attaching the excel file.
Please help with this

Ohh Wow! AMazing. Really working fine Mr.Kaper. Thats well designed formula. Thanks alot! You really saved my day. And i guess the last part of the formula - C4:C9 should be freezed. Thankyou!