Updating cell value based on the date

All,

Bit of a difficult question to word but I will have a go.

I have a master cell (A1) and I want whatever is input in this cell to feed into other cells depending on the date.
So, whatever is in cell A1 during January-March goes into cell B1, during April-June the value goes into cell C1 etc.... The priority is that I want the value in column B1 to stay in there after the time period has passed. E.g. On 19th March I enter the value 50 into cell A1, so B1 updates to show 50, then on 2nd of April I update the value to 72, C1 shows 72 but B1 would still be showing 50.

Appallingly written but I'm hoping someone can suggest some ideas without the need for macros.