Help with best formula to use for pulling data from sheet 1 into sheet 2(dynamic calendar)

So, I have this file for work that is our Dr's monthly schedule and I am looking to have the data entered from sheet 1 "Data for Calendar" (which is from cells C37,38,39 - 1st day if the month(1st) across to AG37,38,39 - last day of the month(31st). I have a figured out how to make a dynamic calendar in sheet 2 but am looking for a way to pull the data from sheet 1 into the calendar based on the days of the month.

Ex: Day 1 has 3 Doctors (2 during day C37 and C38 and 1 overnight C39). All days follow this same scheduling pattern.
In the attached file on sheet 2, you can see the calendar starts on Saturday January 1. I was looking to have a formula that looked up the date (1, 2, 3,...etc) on sheet 2 cell A3, C3, E3, etc that would pull the corresponding data for the day of the month from sheet 1.

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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