Multi-conditional INDEX, MATCH, VLOOKUP... finding Lat & Long in a geographic square grid

Hello. Can Excel perform this solution?

I have a Latitude and Longitude coordinate and need to lookup which half-mile square "grid" it falls into (a Grid # is in Col E). Essentially, if Y is BETWEEN A&B (A>= Y >=B) AND X is BETWEEN C & D (C>= X >=D), then return Col E.

I've tried to learn INDEX and MATCH in conjunction with VLOOKUP, but have thrown in the towel. Any one know how to do this?

Y X Grid
Example 1 25.985 80.395 = 2.1
Example 2 25.987 80.407 = 1.3


A B C D E
25.993140 25.985897 80.398963 80.391720 1.1
25.985897 25.978654 80.398963 80.391720 2.1
25.978654 25.971411 80.398963 80.391720 3.1
25.971411 25.964168 80.398963 80.39172 4.1
25.993140 25.985897 80.398963 80.391720 1.1
25.993140 25.985897 80.406206 80.398963 1.2
25.993140 25.985897 80.413449 80.406206 1.3
25.993140 25.985897 80.420692 80.413449 1.4

Thank you!

Thank you FDibbins. That's closer than I got. Can you think of how to switch it around so that the XY is looking into the array instead of the array looking at a specific XY?

Examples #1 & #2 (and a thousand more) need to look into an array, then return the grid (col E). Consider that I have hundreds of geographic squares (grids) across an area and need thousands of specific XY coordinates to be assigned a grid (col E). I need many XY coordinates to read into the array then return what's in Col E.

A friend told me only Sequel can do this. I might have to go that route.

Thank you!

Wow, FDibbins. I don't know how that formula works, but it does! Thank you