Make line chart where Y-axis value affected by multiple variables

In A1 you shall write your function to use absolute address of C1 and D1, so in formula use $C$1 and $D$1, while B1 shall be referred to as relative address (just B1).
Then write all possible values of B in column B so B1, B2, B3 ...
and copy formula from A1 down.
You will have set of your X and Y data for the plot (I'd use rather scatterplot connected with lines than standard lineplot) in such situation.

see sample file

I'm not sure I understand exactly what you are having trouble with. Even if Kaper's sample file does not contain the exact calculation you are working one, the basic principle he illustrates should still apply. If A1 and B1 are calculating correctly, whatever those formulas (and intermediate formulas) look like, creating the chart should be the same. Are you having trouble creating the chart, or are you having trouble putting together the string of calculations that get you from B1 to A1?

I think I am beginning to see the heart of the question -- you did not arrange the spreadsheet in a layout that lends itself to easy copying.

At this point, I think this is how I would proceed:

1) Move the Table in red off to the right somewhere (or another tab, if you prefer).
2) Add an "indexing" variable to the existing block of cells (maybe B10 enter 1). This will be used as the block is copied to keep track of which "copy" a given block is.
3) Change B11 to be an INDEX() function, referring to the red variable 1 column in the red table and to the indexing variable in B10. =index($R$3:$R$22,B10) note the combination of relative and absolute references to make the copying operation work correctly (I've found that this is a BIG part of spreadsheet programming, so become familiar with relative and absolute referencing, if you are not yet familiar).
4) Copy the main block of cells (A1:M22) and paste down a nice, easy to use number of rows (I would probably do 25 or 30 or 50).
5) Change the copy of B10 so that it now contains =B10+1 (note, again, the relative reference). The INDEX() function in the copy of B11 should update with the second entry from the table. link the copies of B13 (and other cells you want to be able to modify) so that they will change throughout the sheet as you change them.
6) Copy the modified block and paste as many copies down the sheet as you need.
7) In a helper column adjacent to the red table, calculate the rows that will correspond to the copies of I22 (22, 72, 122, etc, if you copied it down 50 rows).
8) Use an INDEX() or OFFSET() function (I prefer INDEX(), myself) and the helper column to extract the results from I22 and its copies.

One of the key "advantages" of a spreadsheet as a programming language is its ability to easily repeat the same calculation multiple times. One of the big "tools" for this is copying. The idea is, as you are entering your calculations, have in mind what is going to happen when you want to make multiple copies of this calculation. In your case, your "input" cell and your "output" cell for each copy of the calculation was buried in the middle of the block of cells. One thing that could have made this easier is to arrange the calculation so that your input is alone in the leftmost column, and your output is in the rightmost column. With this change, you may not need the "red" table to summarize the results, since you can create the chart from the "input" and "output" columns directly. If you do decide that you want the red summary table anyway, it can be easier to create the summary table using lookup functions.

I'm sure there are a lot of possible suggestions. The main thing I have learned is to always keep in mind what will happen when I copy a sequence of calculations. Even if I originally did not think I would need to copy something, so often I find some reason to wish I had made something easier to copy.