Counting Cells

I am a teacher. I have a spreadsheet which I keep our school data on.
On one worksheet (named: Cohort Analysis), I want to count up the amount of pupils in the school who are on their target level or above.

It gets complicated because, depending which year there is makes a difference to their target level. I also need to track the number of children who are more than a whole level above their target level.

The worksheet named Code, has the levels.

Can anyone devise a formula that can do the relevant addition? My attempts haven't worked. Delete what you want and re-attach if you can do it.

I've attached a simplified version of the spreadsheet.

Thanks in advance