Basing Conditional Formatting on formulas for TRUE values from multiple cells

I have two problems with conditional formatting:

1) I need a cell in Column B to turn red if the same row cell in Column A has text in it and Column B does not
a) I don't know how to refer to an entire column in a formula
b) I don't know how to refer to a blank cell as a value
c) I don't know how to refer to two conditions in the formula; ie not sure how to have both conditions required TRUE for formatting


2) I need a cell in Column D to turn red if it is still empty more than 5 days past the date in Column C
a) same issues - but also not sure how to add 5 days as a condition to the formula

Any guidance would be greatly appreciated

Thanks!!

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