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two little puzzles

  1. #1
    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    two little puzzles

    Puzzle 1)

    Since today is Friday the 13th it occurred to me while jogging this morning that I wondered if there could be a formula to determine the highest number of Friday the 13ths there can be in one year.
    I searched the forum and found this link https://www.excelforum.com/the-water...-the-13th.html where it was discussed about calculating how many Friday the 13ths you lived through but not how many (min and max) there can be in a year.
    My suspicion is that the most there can be is 3 but I have no calculation for it, just logic.
    Can you develop a formula that shows the most there can be and the fewest?

    Puzzle 2)

    Recently we had Easter for most of the Christian world (though what follows is non-denominational / non-religious) at some point in the early church it was determined that Easter would fall on the first Sunday following the first full moon following the vernal equinox. The equinox is a fixed date so (though it does vary but this year it was 3/20/2018), what is the earliest (this is the easiest to determine) and the latest dates that Easter can fall on (I know you can look them up but I am hoping to see formulas)?

    I'm looking forward to the responses, enjoy.
    Make contributors happy, click on the "* Add Reputation" as a way to say thank you.
    Sam Capricci

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    Forum Expert 63falcondude's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Here's one way to show that there is a minimum of 1 Friday the 13th and a maximum of 3 Friday the 13th's for every year.

    Change the starting day of the year in cell B1 to all values (0 through 6 representing Sunday through Saturday).

    You will see that for all values 0 through 6, the number of Friday the 13th's will be either 1, 2, or 3.

    See attachment.
    Attached Files Attached Files
    Last edited by 63falcondude; 04-13-2018 at 10:39 AM.

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    Forum Guru Pete_UK's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    In response to the first puzzle, the minimum number of Friday 13th that can occur in any one year is 1 (i.e. EVERY year has at least one), and the maximum that can occur is 3. You can see this from the following table, where I have started with 1980. The pattern repeats from 2008 onwards, i.e. after 28 years:

    1980 … 1
    1981 … 3
    1982 … 1
    1983 … 1
    1984 … 3
    1985 … 2
    1986 … 1
    1987 … 3
    1988 … 1
    1989 … 2
    1990 … 2
    1991 … 2
    1992 … 2
    1993 … 1
    1994 … 1
    1995 … 2
    1996 … 2
    1997 … 1
    1998 … 3
    1999 … 1
    2000 … 1
    2001 … 2
    2002 … 2
    2003 … 1
    2004 … 2
    2005 … 1
    2006 … 2
    2007 … 2
    2008 … 1 ... Repeat from here
    2009 … 3
    2010 … 1
    2011 … 1
    2012 … 3
    2013 … 2
    2014 … 1
    2015 … 3
    2016 … 1
    2017 … 2
    2018 … 2
    2019 … 2
    2020 … 2
    2021 … 1
    2022 … 1
    2023 … 2
    2024 … 2
    2025 … 1
    2026 … 3
    2027 … 1
    2028 … 1
    2029 … 2
    2030 … 2
    2031 … 1

    Your second query reminds me of a similar puzzle I faced many years ago, when I was asked to draw up a 5-year calendar of term dates at the college where I worked at the time. This needed to show all holidays, and there was one particular (local) event which took place on the Friday closest to 1st July each year, so I had to consider the earliest and latest dates that this could occur during that 5-year period. As regards Easter, there are many calculators out there, so I've not looked at that for you.

    Hope this helps.

    Pete

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    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    63FD, that was an interesting way to set that up. I like following your thought process in the sheets. I knew you could have two back to back whenever it occurs in February and it isn't a leap year then one will follow in March and your table showed it.
    Nice job!

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    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Pete, did you get that from a table or did you calculate it? (just curious)

    As for Easter, I wasn't looking for calculators but a possible formula for the latest. My suspicion is the latest could be April 24 and I was reasoning that if the first day of spring is 3/20 and it is also the date of the full moon and it is also Sunday then 28 days later would be the first full moon after the vernal equinox which would be 4/17 which would also be a Sunday so if it is the first Sunday following it that would put it as late as 4/24. Thanks for participating and if you have more to add I look forward to it.

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    Forum Expert 63falcondude's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Thanks for the rep! That was a fun one.

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    Re: two little puzzles

    Hi Sam, thanks for the rep. I have a number of calendar generators, so I just modified one of those slightly and put some CF in to highlight any Fridays that were also 13th, then it was just a matter of changing the year and counting the highlights. I knew there would be a repeating cycle, so I just did it over many years so that the cycle was more pronounced.

    Pete

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    Forum Expert tim201110's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    easter
    =DOLLAR(("4/"&A3)/7+MOD(19*MOD(A3,19)-7,30)*14%,)*7-6
    in A3 - year

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    Re: two little puzzles

    Interesting Tim, nice job. I always love seeing the different ways people come up with to solve problems.

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    Forum Expert tim201110's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Thanks for the rep!

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    Cool Re: two little puzzles

    btw. 2018
    13/04/2018 - Friday
    13/07/2018 - Friday

    for today is one of course

    (works with PowerQuery only)
    Attached Files Attached Files

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    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    I'll have to take your word for it sandy, I tried to download power query but apparently it didn't work and so I can't tell what your sheet is supposed to do.
    thx for taking part.

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    Re: two little puzzles

    AFAIK PowerQuery doesn't work on Mac (yet )
    for PC Excel 2013 Pro Plus

  14. #14
    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Got it to download, I'll have to see what it can do and how it functions. thanks.

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    Re: two little puzzles

    Welcome

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    Re: two little puzzles

    at least one can see the formulas so another can understands how to do it
    made formulas shorter
    Attached Files Attached Files
    Last edited by tim201110; 05-03-2018 at 09:46 AM.

  17. #17
    Forum Expert Sam Capricci's Avatar
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    Re: two little puzzles

    Nice compilations of formulas to get the counts/year and their dates tim!

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