According to the date in column B, it will display 1 if it falls within the time range

Example

B9 Date 2021/7/19 It is only 2 days from that day to today, so D9 automatically displays 1, and E9:J9 is blank

Can someone please help me ? It would be much appreciated. Thanks in advance

this is how I might approach it, using a helper row that you can hide if you want, I moved your data down one row and the helper row is in row1. I put in the numeric values for your ranges, 31 for within a month, 182.6 for greater than 1 month and less than or equal to 6 months, etc.
then used three different formulas. First in D3 (remember your data was bumped down a row)... =IF(TODAY()-$B3<D$1,1,"")
then in E3... =IF(AND(TODAY()-$B3<E$1,TODAY()-$B3>=D$1),1,"") This one you can drag to the right over to column I.
Then in J3 this one... =IF(TODAY()-$B3>=J$1,1,"")

Here it is in your attached again.