Don't Understand vLookup reference

I've attached a sample worksheet from a free online tutorial. The exercise was how to use IFERROR and VLOOKUP together. I understand the concept, BUT I don't understand how THIS spreadsheet works. I wanted to reach out to the person who created the spreadsheet and posted it, but I cannot find contact information for him anywhere.

I absolutely cannot figure out how one of cell references works in this spreadsheet. I keep thinking that the two tables have to be linked in some way. But, I've tried looking at the formats and cannot see any indication of how they are linked. If they are NOT linked, I don't have any idea how the cell reference works in this scenario.

If someone has time, could you take a look at the attached spreadsheet? I've made some notes on it. It is too convoluted to explain it in the body of this email.

Oh, and I'm using Excel 2016, if that makes any difference to anyone.

Thanks, Diane

The VLOOKUP function is structured like this: VLOOKUP(lookup_value, table_array, col_index_num, [range_lookup])

Let's take the formula in J10 for example. =IFERROR(VLOOKUP($J$9,$B$3:$E$32,H10,FALSE),"")

This formula is looking for "Teague" in column B and returning the value in the same row of the 2nd column of the range B3:E32.
The 2nd column in columns B:E is C so the VLOOKUP is returning the value in column C that is in the same row as "Teague" in column B.

The reason why the VLOOKUP function is looking into the 2nd column is because H10 = 2.

That being said, there is a way to do this without using the numbers in column H.
If you are interested, we can show you how to reference the actual header names using an INDEX MATCH MATCH formula.

Note that the formulas in K10:K13 are not the same as the formulas that are in J10:J13.
Instead of surrounding the formulas with quotes, you could have used the FORMULATEXT function ( K10 =FORMULATEXT(J10) ) since you have Excel 2016.