Extracting data from Master file to Multiple "single" country files without using VBA

Experts and Geniuses:

We have a project where we collect data for around 60 countries in a Master data file. We then design a template to fit data and do calculation for different scenarios for each country.

Objectives
1) Creating a template for each country identified by a unique code
2) Download data from a centralized database
3) Input our assumptions for scenarios

Needs:
1) We want to create a template such that, for each country, we only need to change the code at top left of 1st worksheet then all data/links to a master database will be automatically downloaded and generated. We can do this manually. See files attached.

2) Then, we would like to "highlight" any cell changes have been made by the country team. Can we do this NOT using macro? I found a piece code ("events") that can highlight the cell changed but the problem with this is that it is NOT UNDOABLE. We would like to have them "entertaint" with our input but be able to re-do and return to our initial inputs if they want to.

3) Cells have been color-coded such that "black" means "feel free or please to update these input cells"; "Red" means "formulas, please don't touch"; and "Blue" are "linked to master file". The above questions should apply to "Black" and "Blue" only. We want to "LOCKED" the "RED" so no one can change the formulas.
For "Blue" cells, is there a formula such that we can update the links by referring to "COUNTRY CODE" at the top left and "TABS" and a pathname to our master file?

Thank you very much,

Regarding the formula:

Place this formula in Cell E15 of your Country Template and drag across to H15

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Now drag those 4 cells down 2 rows

Highlight the 2nd row and do a Find / Replace using TabA! for Find and TabB! for Replace
Do a Replace All and the 4 corrections will be made

Now highlight the 3rd row and do the same but use TabC! for the Replace value

Regarding the Highlighting of Changes:

One way would be to have your original data in the Template duplicated but hidden on the same sheet.

Place Conditional Formatting on the cells you want to monitor for changes. The CF can trigger a format change when a cell no longer equals its hidden duplicate.

The Undo will be available for the user to reverse their actions and the CF will no longer show a change in format.

With regards to LOCKING cells check Excel Help regarding Protect

You basically choose to Protect the Sheet (and Workbook?) which will lock all cells. Unlock the cells you want the user to have access to.