Sorry, I didn't test it. There is an extra n at the end of Column. Here is a fix with an explanation.
It looks like your code above starts with whatever the current active cell is, but from your later explanation it sounds like you want to check every cell in column C.
Your sample file doesn't match your explanation. There are lots of values in column C that don't have a Pass in column B. But if you want a Pass for every nonblank in column C, then do this. Based on your explanation, you will always be checking all rows, and always column C. So I have made a couple of tweaks.
Dim LastRow As Long
Dim R As Long ' row
Dim C As Long ' column
LastRow = Cells(Rows.Count, "C").End(xlUp).Row ' Find the last cell in column C that has data
For R = 1 To LastRow ' for all rows from 1 to the last row
If Cells(R, "C") <> "" Then ' if the cell in column C is nonblank (you could also use Not IsEmpty)
Cells(R, "B") = "Pass" ' set the cell in that row, column B, to Pass
End If
Next R
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