A lookup formula like Vlookup or the Index/Match combo will only ever return one cell value, never a list. Also, if you use Match without the third parameter, that third parameter defaults to 1 and the list needs to be sorted, otherwise the returned result may be totally wrong. As a rule, you should never omit the third parameter, so you don't accidentally apply the wrong one. Same goes for Vlookup with the fourth parameter. If it is omitted, it defaults to TRUE, which requires the data to be sorted. Always use the fourth parameter and set it to the desired value.

If you want to anlyse your data set you may want to look into pivot tables and slicers. If you are using Office 2016, as you profile incicates, you can also use slicers with Excel Table objects. The insights from filtering with slicers can already be totally awesome.