Print without background color

1. What is the method to use in Word?
2. How has background colour been applied
- with conditional format or
- by right click\Format Cells\Fill?

You can achieve what you want easily with conditional formatting
- create a new conditional formatting rule formatting relevant (or all) cells to No Fill
- switch it ON to print and OFF afterwards

Example:
Firstly: Decide upon a cell to use anywhere in your worksheet and put the value 1 in that cell
- in my test I used cell A1
Next: If you are printing using a named range then select that range
(or select the print area range)
(otherwise select all cells)
Next: click on Conditional Formatting (Home Tab)
Add new rule with formula
=$A$1=1 (it requires the $ signs)
use Format Fill "No Color"

When A1 is blank normal formatting returns, when A1 = 1 then cells have no fill

Before printing enter 1 in cell A1 and after printing remove the 1

It works - I've tested it

The above could be automated by VBA too
- I would use a toggle to switch it on and off