VBA to match in a loop and use the match

[TheN]

So the best way to explain this, is I have a formula that outputs the headers of various columns (basically checking for discrepancies). The entire sheet is locked for editing. When one of the cells in this helper column are equivalent to a header, I'd like the code to unlock that entire column, minus the header and anything above it. The difficult part is that I don't know which "column" will be displayed in my helper column when I run the code.

My Headers are in row 5, and I'd like them + anything above it to remain locked. It should only display one header at a time, but it will probably be in multiple locations at once.

I've attempted this for quite a while, but am really scratching my head on it...

you can match it with "* column" but that's about as far as I've gotten. I can't figure out how to go from the * to a specific column. It is beyond my level at the moment (just starting VBA).

I'll attach a sample file (no formulas, just to give you an idea of the layout).

EDIT:
An idea just came to me (not sure how efficient it is). We could possibly filter by the helper column by "* column" then match the visible data with a header column. I know how to do it in words, but VBA is a totally different story.

This is what I have so far on that...

Sub test()

Dim pwd As String
Dim criteria As String

Range("A5:J5").AutoFilter
    ActiveSheet.Range("$A$5:$J$19").AutoFilter Field:=10, Criteria1:= _
        "=* column", Operator:=xlAnd

pwd = ""
criteria = ActiveSheet.AutoFilter.Range.Offset(1).SpecialCells(xlCellTypeVisible) _
    .Cells(1, 2)

  For Each c In Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A5:I5").Cells
    'code that tests for match then unlocks the range below header
  Next
End Sub

Any help greatly appreciated, especially if you explain the code so I can learn from it.